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Немцкие крестьяне и Цари

26.10.04 15:52
Re: Немцкие крестьяне и Цари
 
  Олменд старожил
in Antwort kexx 26.10.04 09:49, Zuletzt geändert 26.10.04 15:57 (Олменд)
└...До открытия железного занавеса в Штатах проживало примерно 1 миллион граждан украинского происхождения. Для Штатов это не так много...⌠
А кто с этим спорит?
Украинцы безусловно внесли огромный вклад в историю Америки.
В США проживает около 750 тыс американцев, которые имеют украинское происхождение, а если к этому числу прибавить и частично ассимилированные семьи, то не более 2 млн.
Я с большим уважением отношусь к западным украинцам. У них западный менталитет, и именно поэтому они и не ужились в православной среде и им пришлось эмигрировать в Америку.

According to the 1990 U.S. Census, there are about 750,000 Americans of Ukrainian descent. However, there were some problems with the methodology of the census, and individuals who used historical or geographic terms to identify themselves were counted with other groups. Many individuals identified their country of origin (such as Russia, Poland, or Austria) rather than their ethnic background. As a result, some demographers estimate that there are actually between one and two million Americans of Ukrainian background.
In the hundred years since the first major wave of Ukrainian immigration to the United States, Ukrainians have established a vibrant and dynamic community. As in most ethnic communities, the Church is the center of focus for most Ukrainians. The majority of Ukrainian Americans belong to the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, which has four eparchies in the U.S. (Philadelphia, Pa.; Stamford, Conn.; Chicago, Ill.; Parma, Ohio). A number of Ukrainians also belong to the Byzantine Greek Catholic Church, headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pa
....
Many Ukrainian Americans also chose the military as their career. Some of the more illustrious are: Gen. Steve Melnik, who led Strategic Air Command in the 1960's; Gen. Samuel Jaskilka, former Assistant Commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps in the 1970's; and Army Major Gen. Nicholas Krawciw, who led the 3rd Infantry (tank) Division in West Germany in the 1980's. The service of Ukrainian Americans in the U.S. Armed Forces is represented by the Ukrainian American Military Association, and the Ukrainian American Veterans order.
With American emphasis on sports, many young Ukrainian Americans have excelled in hockey, football, baseball, and soccer. For their play in American Football, three Ukrainians have been enshrined in the NFL's Pro Football Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio: Bronko (Bronislaw) Nagurski, Church Bednarik, and Mike Ditka.
In the later 1950's, the Boston Bruins hockey club had a famed ''Ukie'' line consisting of Vic Stasiuk, Bronco Horvath, and Johnny Bucyk. Bill Mosienko of the Chicago Blackhawks still holds the record for a ''hat trick'' in 21 seconds. In 1995, the New Jersey Devils captured the Stanley Cup Championship for the first time with the help of Ukrainian teamates Ken Daneyko and Petro (Peter) Sidorkevich.
In the world of stage and screen, one finds numerous Ukrainian Americans, among them being John Hodiak (Lifeboat, The Harvey Girls, A Bell for Adano), Nick Adams (Rebel Without a Cause, No Time for Sergeants, The Rebel), Mike Mazurki (It's a Mad Mad Mad World, Nightmare Alley, Donovan's Reef), George Dzundza (The Deer Hunter, No Way Out, The Butcher's Wife, Law and Order). Also famous is Oscar winning Jack Palance (Requiem for a Heavyweight, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Shane, Che, City Slickers), as well as his daughter Holly Palance (Ripley's Believe It or Not!). Alex Trebek, the host of Jeopardy and Concentration, is also of Ukrainian heritage.
In the music world, Melanie achieved success with popular adult music, while Joy Brittan graced the stages of Las Vegas and Atlantic City. Paul Plishka and Andrij Dobriansky both perform with the New York Metropolitan Opera. Classic pianist Volodymyr Vynnytsky also plays the concert halls in New York City.
Ukrainian women have participated in American beauty contests. The best known are Melisa Metrinko (former Miss USA), Analise Ilchenko (former Miss USA-World), and Kaye Lani Rae Rafko (Miss America 1988).

Много хороших солдат (хохлы лычлу очень любят), много артистов, спортсменов.... Только вот о достижении украинских фермеров в США и их вкладe в экономику страны самим украинцам ничего не известно.
└..А вот в Канаде проживало в то же время примерно 2,5 миллиона етнических украинцев. В основном это фермеры и потомки состоятельных фермеров, сбежавших еще во времена 1-й мировой войны и до аннексии тогдашней восточной...⌠

Многим из них в Канаде даже досталось за то, что в Первую Мировую (sic!!!) их считали немцами (то бишь австрийцами), и они просят за это компенсации. И они получат ее! Так как в цивилизованных обществах такие компенсации в порядке вещей и дело чести.
Судите сами, относится ли Россия к цивилизованным странам.

http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/department/legacy/chap-2a.html
The Ukrainians (the collective name applied to Slavs from regions of the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires in eastern and southern Europe) were by far the largest group to immigrate to Canada from eastern and central Europe in these years. Between 1891, when the first wave of Ukrainian immigrants came to Canada, and the outbreak of the First World War, approximately 170,000 Ukrainians settled in this country, attracted by the offer of free land, a sense of space, and an opportunity to make a living in a free and open society.
...
When they first settled on the Canadian prairie, the Ukrainians continued to practise their traditional mixed farming, and their early settlements were distinguished by whitewashed huts with thatched roofs similar to those they had left behind. As they became better educated and more prosperous, they adopted frame houses, modern machinery, and advanced agricultural techniques. While pioneering huge tracts of land, the Ukrainians struggled to maintain and develop their language and culture. ...
http://www.infoukes.com/history/internment/booklet01/
⌠... Most of the 171,000 Ukrainians living in Canada were by 1914 settled in the Prairie region, although significant communities began forming, after 1905, in Ontario and Quebec, where Ukrainians worked in the timber and mining industries, on construction, and in various factories. Since these immigrants had generally come to Canada from the Austrian crownlands of Galicia and Bukovyna, their citizenship, but not their nationality, could be described as "Austrian" or "Austro-Hungarian"...Those so categorized were, under the terms of the same War Measures Act (1914)
.

....
Today, Ukrainian Canadians, in reminding the nation of what they suffered as a people in this country, are appealing to the government of Canada, asking that it publicly acknowledge responsibility for the wrongs done to the Ukrainian Canadian community between 1914-1920 and that it compensate them for their losses. The meaningful and honourable redress now called for will help ensure that Canadians are never again subjected to such a mass violation of their human rights and civil liberties. Although what happened can never be undone, a time for atonement has surely come...⌠

С числом этнических украицев в Канаде вы сильно преувеличиваете:
В Канаде проживает около 330 тысяч украинцев, и если к этому числу добавить частично ассимилиорванные семьи, то в лучшем случае наберется 1,1 млн. Это самая маленькая этническая группa (не считая индейцев, около 1млн) из отдельно упоминаемых крупных групп (всего их более 200).

More than 200 different ethnic origins were reported in the 2001 Census question on ethnic ancestry. Ethnic origin, as defined in the census, refers to the ethnic or cultural group(s) to which an individual's ancestors belonged.
...After Canadian (11.7 million), English (6 million) and French (4.7 million), the most frequent ethnic origins in 2001 were Scottish, with 4.2 million responses, and Irish, with 3.8 million. Next most common ancestries reported were German (2.7 million), Italian (1.3 million), Chinese (1.1 million), Ukrainian (1.1 million) and North American Indian (1 million)....■
- Figures released by Census Canada indicate that while Ukrainians continue to identify themselves by ethnic group, both as single and mixed background, Ukrainian-language fluency and use continued to drop in Canada. The information was gathered as part of the mid-term 1996 census, and data have been released gradually since December 1997.
According to the "Ethnic Origin in Canada" table at the official Statistics Canada website (www.statcan.ca), Ukrainians are ninth in terms of total number among ethnic groups in Canada. A total of 1,026,475 persons identified themselves as of Ukrainian origin, 331,680 of who considered themselves to be exclusively of Ukrainian background (known as single responses, or "sr"), and 694,790 who identified Ukrainian as an element of their ethnic origin (multiple responses, or "mr").

С огромным вкладом украинских хлеборобов в экономику Канады вы сильно преувеличиваете.
Где вы такое вычитали?
В приведенной выше ссылке говорится, что они в основном работали на лесоповале и в рудниках.

German immigration
Among the thousands of immigrants who homesteaded on the Prairies in these years were settlers of German origin. Most came not from the German Empire, but from the Russian and the Austro-Hungarian empires and the Balkan countries, where German colonies had been established in the eighteenth century. By the closing decades of the nineteenth century, several factors affecting these settlements encouraged emigration. One was a shortage of land, the result of the colonies' rapid growth and the large size of many German-speaking families. The growing class of landless workers and a dearth of factory jobs also spurred the exodus. A further factor was nationalist sentiment that in some areas led to the repeal of the Germans' original rights and privileges.
From the 1890s until the outbreak of the First World War, approximately 35,000 Germans settled in Manitoba, representing 7.5 percent of that province's total population. Alberta (where Germans concentrated in the Medicine Hat area and along the Calgary and Edmonton Railway) and Saskatchewan also witnessed a dramatic growth in German immigration, in Saskatchewan's case from less than 5,000 in 1901 to over 100,000 in 1911. Most settlements in Saskatchewan broke down along denominational lines: Mennonites, the first to pioneer on the Prairies, settled in Swift Current and Rosthern; Lutherans, in central Saskatchewan; and Roman Catholics, after 1903, in St. Peter's Colony, near Humboldt, and in St. Joseph's Colony, near Trampling Lake.

Как видите, и в Канаде немцы из России (менониты) упоминаются как пионеры прерии. Да и не могли переселецны-украинцы из Австрии иметь опыт по выращиванию озимых в условиях сурового климата.
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